Photobioreactors producing drop-in aviation fuels.

Distributed satellite constellations and urban sensor meshes.

RL controllers balancing renewables and demand response.

Orchestrating flexible loads to follow clean generation and avoid peaks.

Converting agricultural waste into long-lived soil amendments.

Ethical boundaries for ecosystem engineering and genetic interventions.

Restoring mangroves, seagrasses, and marshes as durable carbon and resilience assets.

Integrated controls optimizing HVAC, lighting, and storage.

Automated MRV for carbon markets using IoT and satellite data.

Supply-chain-grade emissions tracking and reporting.

Open access to risk datasets for vulnerable communities.

ML surrogates that emulate complex climate models at a fraction of the compute.

Self-cooling materials and flood-resilient floating architecture.

Tools that integrate physical and transition risk into financial decisions.

Controlled environment agriculture and precision farming resilient to extremes.

Injecting CO₂ into fresh concrete to mineralize and strengthen it.

Rules for using fine-grained mobility and exposure data without enabling surveillance.

Next-generation geothermal for firm, location-flexible renewable baseload.

Modular DAC skids integrated with conversion reactors.

Commercial DAC facilities coupled with geological storage.

Strategies for labor displacement and reskilling from fossil industries.

Ensuring fair distribution of mitigation and adaptation benefits.

AI forecasting for wildfires, floods, and supply chain stress.

Floating homes offer a sustainable solution to housing shortages and flood risks exacerbated by climate change, particularly in low-lying areas like the Netherlands.

Vanadium and zinc-bromine chemistries for multi-hour storage.

Governance for solar radiation management and albedo modification.

Hydraulically stimulated reservoirs unlocking heat anywhere.

Electrolyzer clusters powered by renewables for H₂ fuel.

Predictive dispatch optimizers for renewable-heavy systems.

Advanced inverters that provide virtual inertia and stabilize renewable-heavy grids.

Electrified process heat delivering 150–200°C and beyond with high COP.

Institutions that internalize long-term impacts of infrastructure and geoengineering.

High-resolution twins for soil carbon, land-use change, and biodiversity.

High-voltage direct current backbones linking renewables to demand centers.

Financial and governance architectures for irreversible climate harms.

Toolkits and planning models for relocating and redesigning climate-exposed communities.

Zero-CO₂ hydrogen by splitting natural gas into carbon solids.

Factory-built SMRs and microreactors for resilient baseload power.

AI-assisted Earth system models and regional digital twins.

High-capacity solid-state and metal-air batteries for grid scaling.

Floating platforms tapping tropical temperature gradients.

Electrochemical and biological systems for ocean alkalinity and blue carbon.

High-efficiency tandem cells manufactured at low temperatures.

Drone reforestation and bioengineered algae strains.

Carbon-negative concrete and synthetic biological polymers.

ML models predicting solar and wind output hours ahead.

The Sand Battery project in Finland utilizes a novel thermal energy storage system that employs sand to store heat, significantly reducing fossil fuel emissions in district heating networks.

Compact Brayton-cycle turbines boosting thermal plant efficiency.

Power-to-liquid plants manufacturing e-kerosene and methanol.

Solid-state modules converting industrial waste heat to electricity.

Marine turbines and point absorbers harvesting predictable ocean power.

Building-integrated PV and plug-and-play community microgrids.

Coordinating distributed assets as aggregated grid resources.

Atmospheric water generators and solar-thermal desalination.