Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) & E-Fuels
Drop-in low-carbon fuels (bio-SAF, power-to-liquid synthetic kerosene).
SAF reduces lifecycle emissions using biogenic feedstocks, waste oils, or synthetic pathways powered by clean electricity (e-kerosene). The technology is partly mature, but scaling depends on feedstock availability, refinery investment, certification pathways, and long-term offtake economics.
TRL
8/9Deployed
Impact
5/5
Investment
5/5
Category
Hardware
