Hindsight · review build · data not yet validated
Deaf persons — or anyone with a hearing impairment — commonly use portable speech-to-text listening machines, which display a real-time transcription of what people are saying. The deaf user has the choice of either reading the transcribed speech as displayed text, or watching an animated person gesturing in sign language. These have eliminated the primary communication handicap associated ...
Grader A: miss
Portable real-time speech-to-text for deaf users was not common in 2009. Google's Live Transcribe, the first widely used free real-time captioning app, was released only in February 2019. Animated sign-language avatars were not in common use.
Test: At least 20% of deaf and hard-of-hearing people commonly using portable speech-to-text: well under 5% in 2009 and 2014.
Grader B: miss
Deaf people relied on human captioners and texting; there were no common portable automatic speech-to-text machines, let alone sign-language avatars, by 2014. Automatic live transcription apps came around 2019.
Test: User test: <5% of deaf people using portable auto speech-to-text by 2014.