Labs on chips

Grader A: hit

Cartridge-based integrated diagnostic devices were already sold widely: GeneXpert MTB/RIF (WHO-endorsed 2010, deployed globally), Abbott i-STAT point-of-care cartridges, and paper-microfluidic home tests. Available before the poster.

Test: D37 Horizons: lab-on-chip products buyable by clinics, labs or consumers outside pilots by 2020 (earlier counts).

• GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Wikipedia) (2010-12): Automated cartridge-based nucleic acid test endorsed by WHO in December 2010 and deployed across many countries.
• Lab-on-a-chip (Wikipedia) (2021): Paper-microfluidic home tests are a marketed LOC device; LOC market about US$5.7 billion in 2021.

Grader B: hit

Abbott's i-STAT handheld blood analyser (microfluidic cartridges, 1990s) and Cepheid GeneXpert cartridges were sold widely before 2014.

Test: Lab-on-a-chip products could be bought by clinics/businesses by 2020 (earlier counts).

• Lab-on-a-chip (2014): Commercial LOC devices in point-of-care diagnostics.
• GeneXpert MTB/RIF (2010-12): Cartridge-based integrated lab test endorsed by WHO and deployed in clinics.