Tablets

Grader A: hit

Apple had sold 4.5M iPads directly to US schools by Feb 2013, before the placed year; reached well over 5% earlier than Y.

Test: at least 5% of US schools/students used tablets in class by 2016

• Apple Has Sold Over 8M iPads Direct To Education Worldwide (2013-02-28): 4.5M iPads sold to US schools by early 2013

Grader B: hit

NCES 2009 already lists handheld devices; by 2013-15 Speak Up and Apple reported millions of iPads in US schools; Edmodo/Google Play for Education built around school tablets. Well over 5% of students had classroom tablet access by 2016.

Test: At least 5% of K-12 classrooms/students used tablets by 2016.

• Many High School Students Bringing Their Own Devices to School, Survey Finds (2015-05): Speak Up 2014: substantial shares of students using school-provided or own tablets for schoolwork
• With Google Play for Education, Google Promises a Hassle-Free Tablet for K-12, challenging the iPad (2013): iPad already dominant classroom tablet in K-12 by 2013