
Chile · Government Agency
The first legislative body in the world to pass a constitutional amendment protecting mental integrity and neurorights.
United States · University
Home to leading legal scholar Nita Farahany, who researches and advocates for the 'Right to Cognitive Liberty'.
The UN agency responsible for the 'Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence'.

Council of Europe
France · Government Agency
Oversees the Oviedo Convention, the only international legally binding instrument prohibiting the use of genetic engineering on the human germline.
OECD
France · Government Agency
Adopted the 'Recommendation on Responsible Innovation in Neurotechnology' to guide governments and companies.
Produces 'Ethically Aligned Design' standards, addressing the legal and ethical implications of autonomous systems.
The UK's independent regulator for data rights, providing specific guidance on AI and data protection.
United States · Consortium
A coalition of major national brain projects coordinating global efforts, including ethical frameworks for neurotech.
United States · Nonprofit
A policy organization that monitors AI and neurotech policies, advocating for fundamental rights in the digital space.
Cognitive liberty frameworks are emerging legal and ethical frameworks (sometimes called 'Neurorights') that establish fundamental human rights to mental privacy (the right to keep one's thoughts private), cognitive integrity (the right to have one's mental processes free from unauthorized interference), and psychological continuity (the right to maintain one's sense of self and identity) in the face of advancing neurotechnology that can read, influence, or modify brain activity. These frameworks address the need to protect individual rights as neurotechnology becomes more capable and widespread, ensuring that people maintain control over their own minds and mental privacy as technologies emerge that can access or influence neural activity, creating legal protections for cognitive liberty similar to how other fundamental rights are protected.
This innovation addresses the need to protect individual rights as neurotechnology advances, where technologies that can read or influence the brain raise profound questions about privacy, autonomy, and identity. By establishing legal frameworks, societies can protect these fundamental rights. Organizations, governments, and legal scholars are developing these frameworks.
The technology is essential for ensuring that neurotechnology advances don't compromise fundamental human rights, where lack of protections could lead to abuse or loss of privacy. As neurotechnology becomes more capable, these frameworks become increasingly important. However, defining rights, achieving consensus, and enforcing protections remain challenges. The technology represents an important area of legal and ethical development, but requires international cooperation and careful consideration of competing values. Success could protect fundamental rights as neurotechnology advances, but achieving consensus and effective enforcement is challenging. The development of cognitive liberty frameworks will be crucial for ensuring that neurotechnology serves human welfare while protecting individual rights.