Quantum Random Number Generators
Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are devices and services that generate truly random numbers using quantum processes (like measuring photon properties or vacuum fluctuations, which are inherently random), providing certified randomness (randomness that has been verified to meet standards) that is superior to classical random number generators which are actually pseudo-random (deterministic but appearing random). Telecom carriers and fintech firms are adopting QRNG hardware and APIs (application programming interfaces) that stream entropy (randomness) sourced from quantum processes. Certification under ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) and NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) schemes ensures the randomness meets compliance requirements for encryption keys (secure keys for cryptography), gaming (fair random outcomes), and secure multiparty computation (cryptographic protocols requiring true randomness), making QRNGs essential for applications requiring high-quality randomness.
This innovation addresses the need for truly random numbers, where classical generators are actually pseudo-random and can be predictable. By using quantum processes, QRNGs provide true randomness. Companies like ID Quantique, QuintessenceLabs, and others are developing and selling QRNGs.
The technology is particularly significant for security applications, where true randomness is essential. As security requirements increase, QRNGs become increasingly important. However, ensuring certification, managing costs, and achieving widespread adoption remain challenges. The technology represents a mature application of quantum technology, with commercial products already available. Success is already being achieved, with QRNGs being used in commercial applications. QRNGs are one of the most mature quantum technologies, with several companies offering commercial products.
