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  1. Home
  2. Research
  3. Apogee
  4. Earth Observation 2.0

Earth Observation 2.0

High-cadence satellite imaging with onboard AI for real-time Earth monitoring
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Earth Observation 2.0 represents the next generation of Earth monitoring systems, featuring high-cadence hyperspectral imaging constellations that capture detailed spectral information across hundreds of wavelengths, combined with onboard AI processing that can analyze data in real-time and compress information before downlink. These systems provide persistent, frequent monitoring of Earth's surface, atmosphere, and oceans, delivering actionable insights for climate monitoring, agriculture, urban planning, and environmental management.

This innovation addresses the growing need for detailed, frequent Earth observation data to support climate science, environmental monitoring, and resource management. By combining hyperspectral imaging (which provides much more detailed information than traditional multispectral imaging) with onboard AI processing, these systems can provide more valuable data more efficiently. The high revisit rates enable monitoring of dynamic processes and rapid response to events like natural disasters.

The technology is transforming Earth observation from periodic snapshots to continuous monitoring, enabling new applications and insights. As these systems become more capable and widespread, they could provide unprecedented understanding of Earth's systems and support better decision-making for environmental management, agriculture, and disaster response. However, the technology faces challenges including data volume management, the need for sophisticated onboard processing, and ensuring data quality and calibration. The technology represents an important evolution in Earth observation capabilities that could significantly improve our understanding and management of Earth's environment.

TRL
8/9Deployed
Impact
4/5
Investment
4/5
Category
applications

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Operates the Tanager constellation (hyperspectral) in partnership with Carbon Mapper.

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Supporting Evidence

Evidence data is not available for this technology yet.

Connections

ethics-security
ethics-security
Earth Observation Data Governance

Frameworks balancing commercial satellite data access with privacy, security, and equity concerns

TRL
3/9
Impact
4/5
Investment
3/5
Applications
Applications
Orbital Edge Cloud Computing

Satellites with onboard processing power that analyze Earth observation data before transmission

TRL
5/9
Impact
4/5
Investment
4/5
software
software
AI-Powered Satellite Tasking

Machine learning systems that autonomously schedule satellite imaging and data transmission

TRL
6/9
Impact
4/5
Investment
4/5
Applications
Applications
Ultra-Low-Orbit Platforms

Satellites operating at 150–300 km altitude for superior imaging resolution and atmospheric sensing

TRL
4/9
Impact
3/5
Investment
3/5
software
software
Spacecraft Autonomy Systems

AI systems enabling spacecraft to navigate, diagnose faults, and execute missions without ground control

TRL
6/9
Impact
5/5
Investment
4/5
software
software
Federated Learning on Orbit

Satellite constellations train shared AI models by exchanging updates instead of raw data

TRL
3/9
Impact
4/5
Investment
3/5

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