---
title: All-Solid-State Batteries
type: technology
url: "https://www.envisioning.com/research/grid/china__all-solid-state-batteries"
hub: grid
summary: CATL began pilot production of solid-state batteries at 500 Wh/kg — nearly double current lithium-ion density — targeting mass production in 2027 alongside NIO and multiple Chinese firms.
---

# All-Solid-State Batteries

CATL began pilot production of solid-state batteries at 500 Wh/kg — nearly double current lithium-ion density — targeting mass production in 2027 alongside NIO and multiple Chinese firms.
- Technology Readiness Level: 5/9
- Impact: 4/5
- Investment: 5/5
CATL has begun pilot production of all-solid-state batteries achieving 500 Wh/kg energy density — nearly double the ~270 Wh/kg of today's best lithium-ion cells. The technology replaces the liquid electrolyte with a solid material (sulfide, oxide, or polymer), eliminating the fire risk that plagues lithium-ion batteries while dramatically increasing energy density.

China's solid-state push is a national campaign. CATL invested over 10 billion yuan in a semi-solid demonstration line at its Hefei base in 2025. NIO, with 2,300+ battery swap stations, is positioned to rapidly deploy solid-state packs. Multiple other Chinese firms — including SVOLT, Ganfeng Lithium, and QingTao Energy — have disclosed solid-state programs. The government's official roadmap targets 400 Wh/kg hybrid cells by 2030 and 500 Wh/kg true solid-state by 2035, but CATL appears to be running ahead of schedule.

The stakes are enormous: solid-state batteries would give EVs 600+ mile ranges, charge in under 15 minutes, and last 10+ years without degradation. Whoever commercializes them first captures the next battery paradigm. Japan's Toyota has claimed solid-state leadership for years but has not reached pilot production. CATL's March 2026 patent filing and pilot line suggest China may get there first.

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Source: Envisioning — Technology Research Institute (https://www.envisioning.com/research/grid/china__all-solid-state-batteries)