---
title: Space Situational Awareness Systems
type: technology
url: "https://www.envisioning.com/research/apogee/australia-nz__space-situational-awareness"
hub: apogee
summary: Australia operates ground-based space surveillance telescopes and sensors as part of the Combined Space Operations initiative, tracking orbital debris and satellites from the Southern Hemisphere.
---

# Space Situational Awareness Systems

Australia operates ground-based space surveillance telescopes and sensors as part of the Combined Space Operations initiative, tracking orbital debris and satellites from the Southern Hemisphere.
- Technology Readiness Level: 7/9
- Impact: 3/5
- Investment: 3/5
Australia's Wide Area and Space Surveillance Systems (WASSSPO) operates space surveillance assets that track orbital debris, satellites, and potential threats in partnership with the US Space Command. The Southern Hemisphere location provides coverage of orbits not visible from Northern Hemisphere tracking stations, making Australian sensors essential for comprehensive space domain awareness. The Defense Science and Technology Group also conducts research on space debris remediation and space weather effects on satellite operations.

With over 10,000 active satellites in orbit and growing, plus millions of debris fragments, space domain awareness is becoming critical for both military and civilian space operations. Australia's southern latitude provides unique viewing geometry for geostationary orbit satellites positioned over the Indian and Pacific Oceans — a region of intense strategic interest. The Combined Space Operations (CSpO) initiative integrates Australian space surveillance with US, UK, Canadian, and German capabilities.

Australia's space situational awareness role complements its ground-based JORN radar network, creating a multi-domain surveillance capability spanning air, sea, and space from a single region. As space becomes increasingly contested (anti-satellite weapons tests, deliberate orbital maneuvering by adversaries), Australia's contribution to allied space surveillance becomes more strategically valuable.

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Source: Envisioning — Technology Research Institute (https://www.envisioning.com/research/apogee/australia-nz__space-situational-awareness)